Struktur Kalimatnya (Strucuture):
→ Dengan kata kerja (With verb):
• Positive form:
◦ Subject (I, You, We, They, Mary and Susan, The children, etc, subjek
yang menyatakan lebih dari satu/jamak (plural)) + Verb 1 + ....
• Positive form:
◦ Subject (I, You, We, They, Mary and Susan, The children, etc, subjek
yang menyatakan lebih dari satu/jamak (plural)) + Verb 1 + ....
◦ Subject (He, She, It, Alex, The man, etc.) + Verb 1 + s/es + ...
Kata kerja yang berakhiran (verb ended with) -sh, -ch, -x, o, ss,
(consonant+y)*, harus ditambah (must be added with) -es.
Contoh (Examples):
- They study English every Monday and Friday.
- The students always play football.
- He often goes to the gym every Saturday.
- The man rarely washes his car.
- He pays the bill every month.
- The bird flies away. *(fly: consonant+y → flies)
• Negaitive form:
◦ Subject (I, You, We, They, Mary and Susan, The children, etc, subjek yang menyatakan lebih dari satu/jamak
(plural)) + do not/don't + Verb 1 + ....
◦ Subject (He, She, It, Alex, The teacher, etc.) + does not/doesn't + Verb 1 + .....
Contoh (Examples):
- They don't study English every Monday and Friday.
- The students do not always play football.
- He doesn't often goes to the gym every Saturday.
- The man doesn't rarely washes his car.
• Yes/No question form:
◦ Do + subject (I, You, We, They, Mary and Susan, The children, etc, subjek yang menyatakan lebih dari
satu/jamak (plural)) + Verb 1 + .... ?
◦ Does + subject (He, She, It, Alex, The teacher, etc.) + Verb 1 + .....?
Contoh (Examples):
- Do they study English every Monday and Friday?.
- Do the students always play football?
- Does he often go to the gym every Saturday?
- Does the man rarely wash his car?
• Question word form:
◦ Question word + do/does + subject + Verb 1+ ....?
◦ Pengecualian (Exception) for Who and What (asking the subject): Question word + verb 1 +
s/es + ....?
Contoh (Examples):
- What does he do?
- Why do they run away?
- How does Susan make this cake?
- Who brings this suitcase? (exception)
- What looks dangerous? (exception)
→ Tanpa kata kerja (Without verb):
Menggunakan to be (Using to be): am, is and are.
Contoh (Example):
- Mary is beautiful. (positive form)
- They are in their room. (positive form)
- He is not/isn't a good football player. (negative form)
- I am not selfish. (negative form)
- Is Carrie at the school? (yes/no question form)
- Where is the National Park? (question word form)
- Who is in the home? (question word form)
Penggunaannya (The use of Simple Present Tense):
1. Aksi/Kegiatan yang Berulang (Repeated Action)
Menyatakan suatu pekerjaan/kegiatan yang berulang-ulang dilakukan atau biasanya dilakukan. Bisa merupakan kebiasaan, hobi, atau kejadian sehari-hari, kejadian yang terjadwal, atau sesuatu yang sering terjadi. (to express an action that is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens).
Contoh (Examples):
- The bus leaves every morning at 07.00 AM.
- I play badminton every week.
- Bob doesn't go to bed early.
- Does the earth circle the sun every month?
- We wake up early every morning.
2. Fakta atau Pernyataan yang Umum (Facts or Generalizations)
Menyatakan suatu fakta yang dipercayai oleh si pembicara/subjek, dan juga menyatakan suatu pernyataan yang umum tentang seseorang atau sesuatu. (showing the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future (not important whether the speaker is correct or not about the fact). It is also used to make generalizations about people or things).
Contoh (Examples):
- Cats like fish.
- Dogs don't like fish.
- The wall is not thick.
- Is New York a big city?
- Joe is a handsome boy.
3. Kejadian terjadwal yang akan terjadi di waktu dekat (Scheduled Events in the Near Future)
Biasanya menyatakan kejadian terjadwal yang akan terjadi di waktu dekat. Biasanya ketika berbicara tentang transportasi umum dan lainnya (occasionally to talk about scheduled events in the near future. Commonly done when talking about public transportation, but can be used with other scheduled events as well).
Contoh (Example):
- The party starts at 7 o'clock.
- Mr. John's class begins at nine thirty.
- The train doesn't arrive at six.
- When does the plane leave tonight?
4. Sekarang, untuk kata kerja yang tidak bisa berbentuk verb 1-ing (Now, Non-Continuous Verbs)
Kadang-kadang juga untuk menyatakan pekerjaan/kejadian yang terjadi atau tidak pada waktu sekarang. Tetapi ini hanya bisa dipakai untuk kata kerja yang tidak bisa berbentuk verb 1-ing (sometimes is used to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with non-continous verb (need, want, like, hate, has/have, etc)).
Contoh (Example):
- She needs help right now.
- He has time now.
- I don't like to talk at the moment.
- Do you want to go now?
Semoga Jelas ya ...
(consonant+y)*, harus ditambah (must be added with) -es.
Contoh (Examples):
- They study English every Monday and Friday.
- The students always play football.
- He often goes to the gym every Saturday.
- The man rarely washes his car.
- He pays the bill every month.
- The bird flies away. *(fly: consonant+y → flies)
• Negaitive form:
◦ Subject (I, You, We, They, Mary and Susan, The children, etc, subjek yang menyatakan lebih dari satu/jamak
(plural)) + do not/don't + Verb 1 + ....
◦ Subject (He, She, It, Alex, The teacher, etc.) + does not/doesn't + Verb 1 + .....
Contoh (Examples):
- They don't study English every Monday and Friday.
- The students do not always play football.
- He doesn't often goes to the gym every Saturday.
- The man doesn't rarely washes his car.
• Yes/No question form:
◦ Do + subject (I, You, We, They, Mary and Susan, The children, etc, subjek yang menyatakan lebih dari
satu/jamak (plural)) + Verb 1 + .... ?
◦ Does + subject (He, She, It, Alex, The teacher, etc.) + Verb 1 + .....?
Contoh (Examples):
- Do they study English every Monday and Friday?.
- Do the students always play football?
- Does he often go to the gym every Saturday?
- Does the man rarely wash his car?
• Question word form:
◦ Question word + do/does + subject + Verb 1
◦ Pengecualian (Exception) for Who and What (asking the subject): Question word + verb 1 +
s/es + ....?
Contoh (Examples):
- What does he do?
- Why do they run away?
- How does Susan make this cake?
- Who brings this suitcase? (exception)
- What looks dangerous? (exception)
→ Tanpa kata kerja (Without verb):
Menggunakan to be (Using to be): am, is and are.
Contoh (Example):
- Mary is beautiful. (positive form)
- They are in their room. (positive form)
- He is not/isn't a good football player. (negative form)
- I am not selfish. (negative form)
- Is Carrie at the school? (yes/no question form)
- Where is the National Park? (question word form)
- Who is in the home? (question word form)
Penggunaannya (The use of Simple Present Tense):
1. Aksi/Kegiatan yang Berulang (Repeated Action)
Menyatakan suatu pekerjaan/kegiatan yang berulang-ulang dilakukan atau biasanya dilakukan. Bisa merupakan kebiasaan, hobi, atau kejadian sehari-hari, kejadian yang terjadwal, atau sesuatu yang sering terjadi. (to express an action that is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens).
Contoh (Examples):
- The bus leaves every morning at 07.00 AM.
- I play badminton every week.
- Bob doesn't go to bed early.
- Does the earth circle the sun every month?
- We wake up early every morning.
2. Fakta atau Pernyataan yang Umum (Facts or Generalizations)
Menyatakan suatu fakta yang dipercayai oleh si pembicara/subjek, dan juga menyatakan suatu pernyataan yang umum tentang seseorang atau sesuatu. (showing the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future (not important whether the speaker is correct or not about the fact). It is also used to make generalizations about people or things).
Contoh (Examples):
- Cats like fish.
- Dogs don't like fish.
- The wall is not thick.
- Is New York a big city?
- Joe is a handsome boy.
3. Kejadian terjadwal yang akan terjadi di waktu dekat (Scheduled Events in the Near Future)
Biasanya menyatakan kejadian terjadwal yang akan terjadi di waktu dekat. Biasanya ketika berbicara tentang transportasi umum dan lainnya (occasionally to talk about scheduled events in the near future. Commonly done when talking about public transportation, but can be used with other scheduled events as well).
Contoh (Example):
- The party starts at 7 o'clock.
- Mr. John's class begins at nine thirty.
- The train doesn't arrive at six.
- When does the plane leave tonight?
4. Sekarang, untuk kata kerja yang tidak bisa berbentuk verb 1-ing (Now, Non-Continuous Verbs)
Kadang-kadang juga untuk menyatakan pekerjaan/kejadian yang terjadi atau tidak pada waktu sekarang. Tetapi ini hanya bisa dipakai untuk kata kerja yang tidak bisa berbentuk verb 1-ing (sometimes is used to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with non-continous verb (need, want, like, hate, has/have, etc)).
Contoh (Example):
- She needs help right now.
- He has time now.
- I don't like to talk at the moment.
- Do you want to go now?
Semoga Jelas ya ...
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